Succinyl-coenzyme A: a key metabolite and succinyl group donor in erythropoiesis

Red blood cells, the most abundant cell type in the body, are primarily responsible for delivering oxygen to tissues. With a lifespan of 120 days, red blood cells account for 65% of the cell turnover per day in the human body, i.e. a turnover/ production of ~0.2×10¹² cells per day.

Like all hematopoietic cells in our organism, erythroid cells arise from the hematopoietic stem cell compartment. After commitment to the erythroid lineage, hematopoietic progenitors will generate burst-forming unit-erythroid cells, which will further develop into colony-forming unit-erythroid, pro-erythroblasts, and erythroblasts, to eventually undergo terminal erythroid differentiation.

Lineage commitment coincides with the expression of key molecules such as GATA-1 and EPOR and relies on the accumulation of essential metabolites e.g., succinyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and glycine metabolites.

More recently, post-translational modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination, were shown to remodel the proteome during erythroid differentiation.

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